Sodium Iodide (Pharma Grade)

Sodium Iodide is a highly soluble, white crystalline compound widely utilised across the pharmaceutical, medical, and photographic industries. Its role as a source of iodine, along with its diagnostic and therapeutic value, makes it a fundamental component in both medicinal and industrial applications.

This guide presents detailed insights into Sodium Iodide’s chemical and physical properties, key benefits, uses, handling protocols, and safety guidelines for optimal application.

Chemicals Characteristics

Synonyms: Sodium monoidide, Ioduril, Natrii iodidum, Iodure de sodium, Jodid sodny, Soiodin
Chemical Formula: NaI
CAS Number: 7681-82-5

Molar Weight

149.89 g/mol

Melting Point

651 °C

Boiling Point

1304 °C

Flash Point

Not available (N/A).

Density

Approximately 3.67 g/mL at 20°C

Forms

Available as anhydrous, dihydrate, and pentahydrate compounds; typically a white crystalline powder

Entire form

Key Points/Overview

Sodium Iodide is well recognised for its deliquescent nature and rapid solubility in water and polar solvents, making it highly effective in iodine supplementation and chemical synthesis. In pharmaceutical contexts, it serves both nutritional and therapeutic purposes, including iodine deficiency treatment and radioactive iodine delivery in diagnostic imaging.

The compound’s reactivity and ease of handling also make it valuable in industrial settings, such as iodine production and as a reagent in organic synthesis. In photographic processing, it enhances contrast through its interaction with silver halides.

Uses & Benefits

Sodium Iodide serves a diverse range of functions across several industries due to its iodine content and solubility. Its rapid dissolution in aqueous and polar media enhances its efficiency as an iodine carrier in pharmaceutical and diagnostic formulations. The compound’s capacity to deliver iodine in both elemental and radioactive forms extends its usability from routine supplementation to advanced medical imaging and therapy. Additionally, its reactive nature in synthesis and its historical relevance in photographic processes highlight its adaptability and long-standing industrial significance.

Pharmaceutical Industry

  • Iodine Supplement: Used in oral formulations to treat iodine deficiency.

  • Diagnostic Agent: Functions as a carrier for radioactive iodine (I-131) in nuclear medicine for thyroid imaging.

Medical Use

  • Expectorant: Assists in thinning mucus in respiratory treatments.

  • Antiseptic Role: Contributes to antimicrobial formulations due to iodine release upon oxidation.

Photography and Imaging

  • Contrast Enhancer: Historically used to improve image contrast in photographic film development.

Industrial Applications

  • Iodine Production: Acts as a feedstock in the synthesis of elemental iodine and related compounds.

  • Chemical Reagent: Used in organic synthesis reactions for iodination and nucleophilic substitutions.

Safety Information

Potential Hazards

  • Skin and Eye Irritation: Contact may lead to mild irritation or redness; PPE should be used during handling.

  • Inhalation: Dust may cause temporary respiratory discomfort; avoid inhalation in confined spaces.

  • Ingestion: Ingestion may cause toxicity; professional medical evaluation is recommended after accidental exposure.

Safety Precautions

  • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Gloves, safety goggles, and face masks should be used to reduce exposure.

  • Ventilation: Ensure adequate air exchange and dust extraction in work areas.

  • Emergency Response: Rinse eyes or skin immediately if contact occurs. Seek medical advice if symptoms persist.

Storage Recommendations

  • Containers: Store in airtight, opaque containers to prevent moisture absorption and light degradation.

  • Conditions: Keep in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight and reactive substances.

Occupational Exposure Controls

  • Engineering Controls: Use closed systems or dust collection units to minimise airborne spread.

  • Administrative Controls: Provide thorough training on proper handling and first aid procedures.

  • Health Surveillance: Monitor staff with frequent exposure for signs of iodine sensitivity or respiratory issues.

Environmental Impact and Disposal

  • Environmental Considerations: Though water-soluble, Sodium Iodide should not be released directly into natural waterways.

  • Disposal Guidelines: Dispose of in accordance with local hazardous waste regulations, ideally through a certified chemical waste handler.

Sodium Iodide’s utility in healthcare, imaging, and chemical production underscores its versatility and importance. By following best practices in handling, storage, and disposal, industries can harness its full potential safely and efficiently.